不同黏度聚α-烯烃合成润滑油基础油的制备

Preparation of Poly-α-Olefin Synthetic Lubricant Base Oils with Different Viscosity

以不同α-烯烃为原料和AlCl3为催化剂制得了不同黏度的聚α-烯烃合成润滑油基础油(PAO)。考察了不同α-烯烃原料和AlCl3用量对PAO的性能及聚合可达的最高温度的影响。实验结果表明,以1-辛烯为原料制得的PAO的运动黏度高于以其混合α-烯烃为原料制得的PAO;而黏度指数则低于以其混合α-烯烃为原料制得的PAO。以1-辛烯为原料制备PAO时,选择AlCl3用量为2%～3%(w)(基于α-烯烃的质量)较适宜;以1-癸烯或12碳烯为原料制备PAO时,选择AlCl3用量为3%(w)较适宜。采用单一α-烯烃制备PAO时,以1-癸烯为原料时聚合可达的最高温度(200℃)最高;采用混合α-烯烃制备PAO时,以1-癸烯/12碳烯为原料时聚合可达的最高温度(165℃)最高。

Poly-a-olefin synthetic lubricant base oils（PAO） with different viscosity were prepared by the polymerization of a-olefins with A1C13 as the catalyst. The effects of different a-olefins and A1C13 dosage on the properties of PAO and the highest polymerization temperature were investigated. The results show that, the kinematic viscosity of PAO prepared from l-octene is higher while its viscosity index is lower than those of PAO prepared from mixed a-olefins. The optimum A1C13 dosage is 2%- 3%（w）（based on the mass of a-olefin） when 1-octene is used as the raw material, and 3%（w） when 1-decene or tert-dodecylene is used as the raw material. If PAO is prepared from single a-olefin, when it is 1-decane the polymerization temperature can reach the highest 200℃. If PAO is prepared from mixed a-olefins, when they are 1-decane and tert-dodecylene the polymerization temperature can reach the highest 165 ℃.