合肥市某区3～14岁儿童青少年乙肝疫苗接种率及乙肝标志物的分布

Distribution of HBV Vaccination Rate and it′s Surface Antigen and Antibody in Children from 3 to 14 Years Old in some Districts of Hefei 230001

目的了解本地区3～14年儿童青少年的乙肝疫苗接种率和乙肝病毒携带状况。方法采用单纯随机抽样方法抽取本地区3～14岁人群8 454人,进行乙肝疫苗接种率的调查及乙肝标志物的检测。结果 8 454名儿童青少年的乙肝疫苗平均接种率为96.92%,其中3～6、7～10、11～14岁三组的疫苗接种率分别为99.89%、98.15%、92.18%,随着年龄的增长接种率呈不断下降趋势;乙肝表面抗原携带率为1.24%,男性和女性的乙肝表面抗原携带率分别为1.69%和0.79%,差异具有统计学意义(χ2=14.040,P<0.05);抗-HBs阳性率为66.53%,不同年龄组(3～6、7～10、11～14岁)的阳性率分别为77.53%、64.00%、57.99%,随着年龄的增长阳性率呈下降趋势。结论随着国家将乙肝疫苗纳入计划免疫措施的不断实施,保持了人群较高的接种率,免疫效果明显,是控制HBV感染最有效的措施。

Objective To investigate carrying rate and vaccinating effect of HBV in children of our region. Methods 8 454 people of 3 to 14 years old were distilled by random sampling method, detected five indicators to investigate carry- ing rate and vaccinating effect of HBV. Results Among total 8 454 cases the average vaccination rate was 96.92%. For three groups of 3 to 6,7 to 10,11 to 14 years old,the vaccination rates were 99.89 %, 98.15 %, 92.18% respectively. And there was declining trend in vaccination rates with the increased age. The carrying rate of HBsAg was 1.24%. And the HBsAg positive rates were 1.69%, 0. 79% respectively in male and female. The difference was statistically significant be- tween different gender （Z2= 14. 040,P〈0. 05）. Anti-HBs positive rate was 66.53%, the positive rates of each age group were 77.53%, 64.00%, 57.99% among 3 to 6,7 to 10,11 to 14 years old, and the declining trend in vaccination rates in- creased with age. Conclusion Free hepatitis B vaccine immunization for children can maintain a high vaccination in the pop- ulation, which is the most effective control measure for HBV infection.