真理的目的性与辩证法的感性维度

The Purposiveness of Truth and the Aesthetic Dimension of Dialectics

辩证法思想虽然在中国广泛传播,但人们对辩证法的理解往往是放在认识论上,忽视了情感的维度,这是对辩证法不完整的解读。辩证法作为一种追求真理的方法,与单纯的主体性反思不同;辩证法思想内在包括的对话形式告诉人们,认识不仅需要关注道理的客观有效性,同时还要关注道理传播的正当性,因为正确的道理在社会传播中有可能被歪曲。道理的客观有效性是辩证法的内容,道理传播的正当性是辩证法的形式。辩证法的主旨是通过批判和超越逐步趋向真理,超越的动力不在内容之中,而在形式之中,因此,超越当下局限性的根本是对偏见的超越。考察辩证法的情感维度需要将偏见作为研究对象,以求在情感机制中寻求消灭偏见的手段。

Even truth is likely to be distorted by social institution of media.As a pursuit of truth and being different from the way of subjective reflection,the discourse of dialectics makes it clear what must be concerned with in cognition is not only the objective validity of truth but the legitimacy of the way in which the truth is spread.While the former constitutes the major concern of dialectics,the latter is indeed its form.The essence of dialectics lies in its approach to truth in the way of criticizing and going beyond.The motive of transcending is not found in the content,but in its form.Sentiment,a dimension of dialectics,takes prejudice as its research object,trying to conquer it from within.The ability to go beyond a prejudice is exactly that to go beyond the limitations of the present biased cognition.Although dialectics,as most important constituent of Marxism,has been widely accepted in China,the sentimental dimension rather than epistemological dimension of it has long been neglected,thus a huge misunderstanding of dialectics itself.