上海地区气传花粉的监测

Monitoring of the airborne pollen grains in Shanghai

于2009年10月开始,进行为期一年的花粉采样.共设6个采样点,采用Cour风标式花粉收集器,对气传花粉的含量、种类和飘散规律进行了监测.共鉴定气传花粉5324164粒,隶属32科27属种.其中普陀区监测点气传花粉总数最高,其次分别是松江区、闸北区、浦东新区、徐汇区和宝山区.松江区花粉种数最多,为48种;徐汇最少,为37种.主要气传花粉为葎草、悬铃木属、松科、杉科、禾本科、榆属、蒿属和柳属等.春季3～4月和秋季9月为气传花粉散布高峰.最后,讨论了植被分布对本次监测的影响,不同域区气传花粉种类及散布规律比较,采样方法的影响,气传花粉与过敏捷性病病的联系等问题.

In order to investigate the quantity, species and distribution pattern of the airborne pollen grains in Shanghai, a one-year monitoring project using Cour samplers from October 2009 was carried out in six sites of Shanghai. A total of 5 324 164 pollen grains were collected, ineluding 32 families, 27 genera or species. The largest quantity of the grains was observed in Putuo District and was followed by Songjiang, Zhabei, Pudong, Xuhui and Baoshan District in that order. Songjiang District has the most diverse species of pollen grains （48） and Xuhui has the least （37）. The most commonly observed types are Humulus scandens, Platanus, Pinaceae, Taxodiaceae Gramineae, Ulmus, Arternisia and Salix. The peak of the grains distribution occurred during two seasons of the year： spring （March and April） and autumn （September）.