三峡工程升船机施工安全管理难点与控制措施

Difficulties from safety management of construction of ship-lift for Three Gorges Project and relevant control measures

三峡升船机工程设计过船规模3 000 t级具有提升高度高、提升重量大等特点,是世界上规模最大、技术难度最高的升船机。其施工环境狭窄、作业面点多面广、施工难度极大、进度要求紧迫、质量要求极高、又属超高空作业(空间最大高度169.50 m)、且设备布设密集,特种设备、非标准辅助施工设备种类繁多,安全形势异常严峻,安全风险极大。通过对重大危险源进行动态辨识,确定主要危险源是:多卡模板安装与使用、多重垂直交叉作业、施工设备的使用与管理、贝雷架安装与拆除等。针对这几类安全管理难点,监理部制定了相应的控制措施,确保了施工顺利进行。

The ship-lift for Three Gorges Project with the design lifting capacity of 3 000 t has the characteristics of high lifting height and large lifting weight, which is the largest ship-lift in the world with the highest technical difficulty for the construc- tion. The construction environment of it is narrow and the working surfaces are scatteredly distributed with greatest construction difficulties such as superhigh overhead working（ the highest height of the working space is about 169.50 m） , urgent require- ment of construction progress, extremely higher requirement on the construction quality, etc. , furthermore, the layout of equip- ment is dense and types of special equipment and non-standard auxiliary equipment are various ; for which the situation of con- struction safety is quite serious with greatest safety risk. Through the dynamic identification made on the important danger sources, the main risk sources are the installation and use of Doka formwork, multiple vertical-crossing workings, operation and management of construction equipment, mounting and dismantling of Bailey frame, etc. In accordance with all the difficulties mentioned above, the relevant control measures are made by the project supervisory department, and then the smooth construc- tion is ensured at last.