功能与形式视角下的乡村公共空间演变及其特征研究

The Research of the Rural Public Space Evolution and Characteristics Under the Function and Form Perspectives

本文基于功能与形式的视角,以历史的维度分析我国乡村公共空间的演进脉络,探讨其背后生长的动力机制,总结各个时期乡村公共空间功能与形式之间的关系与特征。研究发现,传统乡村公共空间生成的内在基本规律是"使用功能驱使—交往的形成—公共空间";功能与形式之间的关系呈现出"共存—特殊—脱节—分离"的变化。通过实地勘察与访谈,进一步论述改革后传统乡村公共空间弱化的原因,认为村民所发生的公共活动已由"必需性"转变成"自发性";诸多社会变化因素构成"合力","催化"了传统公共空间走向衰亡的道路。最后,审视当前乡村公共空间建设实践,并提出一定的建议。

This essay is based on the perspective of function and form, analyzing the evolution of rural public space in our country with the historical dimension, for investigating it＇s driving force, summarizing the relationship and characteristics between the function and form of the village public spaces. This essay thinks that traditional village public space generated internal laws present ＂the use of function drives, the formation of contacts, public space＂; while the relationship between function and form presents ＂coexistence, special, disjointed, separation＂ changes. Through survey and interviews, further discussing the reason for the weakness of the public space of the traditional village, believing that public activities by the villagers has been changed from ＂necessity＂ to ＂spontaneity＂; many of the social changes constitute a ＂force＂,meanwhile ＂catalytic＂ public space towards the decline of the road. Finally, the paper reflects the current status of rural public space construction and puts forward some proposals.