医学营养治疗对妊娠期糖尿病患者孕期体重增加与新生儿体重及血糖的影响

Influences of new medical nutrition therapy on weight gain and neonatal birth weight and hypoglycemia of pregnancy women with gestational diabetes mellitus

目的探讨营养治疗对妊振期糖尿病患者体重增加与新生儿体重及血糖的影响。方法选择2008年9月～2009年3月大连市妇产医院诊断为妊娠期糖尿病的单胎妊娠孕妇,在进行总热量控制的基础上,使用等食品交换份结合血糖生成指数的医学营养治疗(medical nutrition therapy,MNT)的妊娠期糖尿病患者155例设为研究组,同期未接受该方法治疗的糖尿病孕妇55例作为对照组,比较两组孕妇的体重增长、体重指数(BMI)的增长、新生儿体重及血糖情况。结果两组巨大儿的发生率分别为9.67%,20.00%,研究组巨大儿的发生率有所下降;新生儿低血糖的发生率分别为8.38%,18.18%,两组差异有统计学意义。两组孕妇妊振期体重增长、BMI增加比较,差异均有统计学意义。结论医学营养治疗可以明显的减少孕期体重增加和新生儿低血糖、巨大儿的发生,新生体重和血糖在合理范围。

Objective To investigate the impact of new medical nutrition therapy on weight gain and neonatal birth weight and blood glucose of pregnancy women with gestational diabetes meTlitus. Methods Single pregnancy women with GDM, who had accepted medical nutrition therapy of combining food exchange list with glycemic index base on controlling individual total dietary energy intake from Dalian Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital from September 2008 to Much 2009 were considered as study subjects. 55 cases of single pregnancy women with GDM who hadn＇t accept this therapy were selected as control group. The level of pregnancy weight gain, neonatal birth weight, hypoglycemia and body mass index were compared. Results The incidence of macrosomia in the study group （9.67%） were lower than that of control group（20.00%）, the incidence of neonatal hypoglycemia in the study group（8.38%） were lower than that of the control group （18.18%）, significant difference was shown between tow groups; the level of pregnancy weight gain and body mass index was lower in study group than that of control group. Conclusion Medical nutrition therapy for pregnancy women with GDM significantly decrease pregnancy weight gain, hypoglycemia and macrosomia, obtain appropriate neonatal birth weight and glcemia.