小麦氮锌配施效应及增产机理研究

EFFECT OF APPLYING NITROGEN COMBINED WITH ZINC ON WHEAT YIELD

本文报道了淮北平原砂姜黑土区小麦氮锌配施效应及增产机理的研究。结果表明 ,在缺锌的砂姜黑土上 ,氮锌配合施用具有显著的增产效果。盆栽小麦增产1 0 2 %～ 1 8 8% ;大田小麦平均增产 9 76 %～ 1 6 6 %。氮锌配合施用显著提高了土壤有效锌和速效氮含量水平 ,促进了小麦对氮锌的吸收 ,有效提高了植株氮锌含量 ,土壤水解氮含量增加了 9 1 3%～ 2 1 2 % ;有效锌含量提高了 32 3%～ 6 4 5 % ,小麦氮锌含量分别升高 5 2 0 %～ 1 3 0 %和 1 8 9%～ 36 7% ,氮和锌积累量分别增加2 2 2 %～ 49 7%和 40 2 %～ 6 8 2 %。

Pot and field experiments were conducted for several years in the Shajiang black soil located in the northern part of the Huai River. The results showed that applying nitrogen combined with zinc had significant effect on wheat yield in the soil with insufficient available zinc. The yield of winter wheat planted in pot increased 10\^2%～18\^8%, and the average rate of growth in field increased 9\^76%～16\^6%.The main mechanism of increasing yield were as follows.(1) Application of N combined with Zn had remarkably improved the content of available Zn and alkaline\|hydrolytic N in soil, and promoted wheat absorbing N and Zn.(2)The content of total nitrogen and zinc in wheat increased and the accumulation of N and Zn in wheat was raisd. The content of alkaline\|hydrolytic N increased by 9\^13%～21\^2% and available Zn 32\^3%～64\^5%.The content of total nitrogen and zinc in wheat raised by 5\^20%～13\^0% and 18\^9%～36\^7%, respectively. The accumulation of nitrogen and zinc in wheat increased by 22\^2%～49\^7% and 40\^2%～68\^2% respectively.