玉米杂交种主要农艺性状对产量稳定性影响的分析

An Analysis about Effects of the Major Agronomic Characteristics on Yielding Stability in Maize Hybrids

根据 2年的华北夏玉米区域试验材料 ,应用回归系数和性状相关的方法 ,研究了玉米杂交种 7个农艺性状对其籽粒产量稳定性的影响。结果表明 ,大部分农艺性状与杂交种稳产性呈负相关 ,以穗行数和千粒重的影响最大 ,穗位高、穗长、株高和穗粒数的影响较小。在育种实践中 ,可加强对稳产性影响小而对籽粒产量影响大的性状进行选择 ,适当降低穗位高 ,增加穗粒数 ,有利于提高玉米杂交种产量的稳定性。

The research was carried out on the effects of 7 agronomic characteristics of maize hybrids on their grain yielding stability , based on 2 years regional test materials of summer corns in North China, by using the correlation analysis between regression coefficient and characteristics .The results showed that most agronomic characteristics have negative relevance with yielding stability of hybrids. The most two important factors are rows per spike and 1000 grains weight, while spike position and its length、plant height and grains per spike have little relevance. In the practice of breeding, such measures as enhancing selection of those characteristics which have little effects on yielding stability but great effects on grain yielding, properly lowering the height of spike position and increasing grains per spike, are all helpful to improve yielding stability of maize hybrids.