不同小麦品种(系)对盐碱胁迫的生理及农艺性状反应

Salinity Stress on the Physiological and Agronomic Traits of Wheat

对 1 3份小麦品种 (系 )在盐碱地进行田间耐盐性鉴定 ,研究了不同品种光合生理及农艺性状对土壤盐碱胁迫的反应。结果表明 ,不同品种对土壤盐碱胁迫的反应不同 ;不同品种、不同时期叶绿素含量及叶绿素荧光值在盐碱胁迫下都有一定的下降。不同农艺性状对盐碱胁迫的反应也不相同 ,受胁迫的程度依次为产量 >单位面积穗数 >株高 >千粒重 >单穗粒数 >穗长 ;在盐碱地上产量受限制的主要因素是单位面积穗数和千粒重等。以苗期作为小麦耐盐鉴定的主要时期 ,以出苗率和保苗率等作为耐盐性鉴定的指标较为快捷可靠。

Thirteen wheat varieties (lines) were identified for their salinity tolerance in field tests. Under salinity stress, the varieties differed in photosynthesis physiology and agronomic traits. The contents of chlorophyll and chlorophyll fluorescence decreased in every stage of each variety. The agronomic traits also showed the different reactions. The traits adversely effected were sorted in an order of yield > spikes per unit area > plant height > 1000 grain weight > grains per spike > spike length. The yield was mainly restricted by spike per unit area and 1000 grain weight. The seedling stage was recommended as the main period for the identification of salinity tolerance, while the emerging rate and seedling rate could be employed as reliable and quicker indicators.