基于蒙特卡罗法的太阳能聚光接收器布局及形状优化设计

Arrangement and Shape Optimization of Solar Concentrating Receivers Using Monte Carlo Method

太阳能聚光系统接收面能流密度的均匀性对系统的性能及转换效率有着重要影响。为了提高聚光系统接收面上能流密度分布的均匀性,提出了一种对聚光系统接收器的布局及几何形状进行设计和优化的方法。该方法通过蒙特卡罗光线追迹法确定聚光系统接收面上的辐射能流分布,同时考虑了太阳形状。建立了以接收面口径大小为约束,以接收面辐射能流密度分布均匀度最高为目标的优化模型,并利用Kiefer-Wolfowitz随机逼近算法进行求解,从而实现了系统的优化。对二维抛物柱面聚光系统实例进行设计优化,在接收面上获得了光强的最佳均匀分布,同时能保持78.25%的高能量接收率,证明了该方法的有效性。该优化方法相比传统的试凑法计算效率高,并且得到的设计结果更接近最优解。

Uniform radiation flux distribution in the received surface is crucial for the performance and conversion efficiency of a solar concentrating system. In order to improve the uniformity of radiation flux distribution in the receiving surface, the arrangement and shape optimization of solar concentrating receivers is proposed. Considering the sun shape, the radiation flux distribution is determined by Monte Carlo ray-tracing method, and an optimization model is established, which takes the receiver aperture size as the constraint condition and aims at the highest uniformity of radiation flux distribution combing Kiefer-Wolfowitz algorithm. We take a linear parabolic-trough concentrating system for example, resulting in the most uniform intensity distribution while achieving a high energy reception of 78. 25%, which testifies the validity of this optimization procedure. The optimization procedure computes more efficiently than the traditional trial-and-error methodology, and the obtained solutions are also near optimal.