老年住院患者压疮发生危险度与营养风险的相关性

Correlation Analysis of Nutritional Risk and Bedsore Occurrence in Elderly Hospitalized Patients

目的探讨营养风险对老年住院患者压疮发生危险度的影响,为制定针对性预防措施提供依据。方法应用营养风险筛查表(Nutritional Risk Screening 2002,NRS 2002)对626例消化科老年住院患者进行营养风险筛查,用χ2检验分析营养风险及营养支持对有营养风险组(NRS≥3分)和无营养风险组(NRS<3分)压疮发生率的影响。计算营养风险对老年住院患者压疮发生危险度的影响。结果营养不足者176例,有营养风险者327例,无营养风险者299例,压疮发生率分别为38.64%、32.11%和4.35%。有营养风险老年患者发生压疮的危险度是营养正常者的7.39倍。对营养不足和有营养风险患者实施营养支持可减少压疮发生率。结论对有营养风险的老年患者,制订完整的营养支持计划,保证充足的蛋白质和能量摄入,有助于阻止或延缓压疮的形成。

Objective To explore the effects of nutritional risk on bedsore occurrence in elderly hospitalized patients and supply reference for carrying out effective preventive measures.Methods A total of 626 elderly patients were assessed according to Nutritional Risk Screening 2002（NRS 2002）.The influence of nutritional risk and nutritional support on patients having（NRS≥3） or not having（NRS3） nutritional risk was analyzed by the chi-square test.Results Among the malnutrition patients（176 cases）,patients with nutritional risk（327 cases） and patients without nutritional risk（299 cases）,the rate of bedsore was 38.64%,32.11% and 4.35% respectively.The risks of bedsore occurring on elderly patients with nutritional risk were 7.39 times higher than those without nutritional risk.Nutritional support could decrease the prevalence of bedsore of the patients with nutritional risks and malnutrition.Conclusion Integral plan of nutritional support should be drew up for elderly patients with nutritional risks to ensure the adequate protein and energy intake and prevent bedsore occurrence.