基于知识创新过程的科技政策方法论研究

A study of science of science policy based on knowledge innovation process

为进一步提升科技政策制定的系统性和科学性,美国政府于2005年提出发展科技政策方法论(Sci-ence of Science Policy,SoSP)的倡议,将其作为一门新兴交叉学科发展,成为美国政府"基于证据的决策系统"的重要举措,并从微观、宏观和国家战略需求层面提出SoSP关注的十大问题。由于科技政策的制定依据涉及面很广,而美国提出的SoSP三个层面的研究主题只涉及科技政策依据的一部分,拟定的十个问题逻辑关系并不系统、清晰,同时有相当部分研究问题是基于美国国情的。因此,对于SoSP的研究内容需要重新进行梳理。本文围绕知识创新过程,首先在宏观层面对基于知识创新过程的SoSP研究内容进行了梳理,进而通过构建知识创新过程模型深入到其内部分析SoSP在各个模块的研究内容,对SoSP的系统发展提供了新的思路。

In order to further utilize scientific approaches in the process of science and technology policy making,the government of the United States of America proposed the initiative of Science of Science Policy（SoSP） development in 2005.SoSP developed as a new cross discipline and became an important tool in the United States government ＂Decision Making System Based on Evidence＂.At microscopic,macroscopic and national strategy level,United States raised some initial SoSP main research problems.However science and technology policy making involves very wide areas,including the factors of the technology development internal rule,the existing political operation logic,complicated and changeable social environment etc.These initial research problems seem to cover only a small part of the areas,based on the national consideration of the United States of America.Furthermore the logical relationship of the ten research problems was not clear.Therefore,research contents of SoSP need to be re-examined and broadened.This work focuses on the research problems of SoSP from a point of view of the knowledge innovation process.At the macroscopic level,it raises research issues of SoSP in the knowledge innovation process.Then,it divides the knowledge innovation process ingot four main models,and further discusses SoSP research issues in each module.This work examines many new research issues in the knowledge innovation process,and provides a new perspective to SoSP development.