论犯罪行为人的先行行为保证人地位

On the "Garantenstellung" as "Ingerenz" of the Offender

犯罪行为是否可以成为先行行为引发行为人的不纯正不作为刑事责任,是不作为犯罪问题中最具争议性的话题之一。本文借鉴德国学者以客观归责理论对先行行为进行界定的研究成果,认为应以风险创设与风险关联标准对先行行为进行审查,并据此认为,过失犯罪行为具有构成先行行为的可能性,故意犯罪是否可以成为先行行为,应视故意犯罪所创设的风险是否由其先前故意犯罪的基本犯所用尽而定。

If a criminal act can be 'Ingerenz'(Latin:dangerous act which obligates the actor to prevent the damage deriving from it) and obligate the ator to prevent the damage deriving from it,it belongs to one of the most controversial topics about the Ingerenz theory in criminal law.On the basis of introducing the famous thoery of objective imputation of criminal liability in German criminal law into the discussion of this topic,to review the prior conduct,the risk creation and related risk should be the standard.Based on the prior criterion,offenses of negligence may become the prior conduct.As for intentional offenses,it depends on if the risk is exhausted by the essential offense of the intentional crime.