一种新型的棉花体细胞胚胎发生的快速诱导法

A Novel Method for Fast Induction of Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Somatic Embryogenesis

用异常苗的茎段和叶片进行培养 ,可快速高效诱导获得棉花体细胞胚胎发生 .激素组合及其浓度配比影响异常苗的直接胚胎发生 ,在附加有 0 .1 mg/L IAA和 0 .1 mg/L ZT的改良 MS培养基上 ,异常苗不仅体细胞胚胎发生率高 ,而且形成的体细胞胚数目多 .用异常苗作外植体获得胚性愈伤组织仅需要时间 1 0 d,获得成熟胚需要 2 0～ 30 d,获得再生植株需要60 d,大大短于常规方法获得胚性愈伤组织、体细胞胚和再生植株的时间 .异常苗不同外植体对胚胎发生的影响不大 ,但品种之间差异显著 .

High frequency somatic embryogenesis was directly obtained from stem and leaf explants of cotton abnormal seedling. Direct induction of cotton somatic embryogenesis was affected by different concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulators. Modified MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/L IAA and 0.1 mg/L ZT was the best medium for direct induction of high frequency somatic embryogenesis from abnormal seedlings. With this medium, embryogenic callus was obtained within 10 days of culture, mature embryos was obtained within 20～30 days of culture, regenerative plant was obtained within 60 days of culture. For cotton somatic embryogenesis, there was no difference between stem and leaf explants, but difference existed among genotypes. This method was employed in cotton genetic transformation.