广东沿海赤潮的特点及成因研究

Study of the Characteristics and the Causes of Formation on the Red Tides in Coastal Guangdong Sea

列举了广东沿海 1980～ 1992年发生的 66起赤潮事件并对其进行研究分析 ,归纳广东沿海赤潮具有频率增多、全年均可发生赤潮 ,发生赤潮区域扩大 ,持续时间长和危害程度大 ,新记录种和有毒赤潮多等特点。并就其成因进行了研究 ,认为 :①广东沿海赤潮种类繁多是赤潮发生的重要原因 ;②海洋污染和海水养殖业的自身污染是赤潮发生频繁的根本原因 ;③与季风转换有关密切联系 ,广东沿海赤潮主要发生在东北季风向西南季风转换时期的 3～ 5月 ;④是与全球气候变化有关。此外 ,还就防患广东沿海赤潮的危害 ,减少因赤潮灾害引起的经济损失 ,提出了四方面的对策。

This paper enumerated the 66 events of red tide causing in coastal sea Guangdong, and conduct study and analysis on them. Concluding the results showed the following characteristics: the frequency causing red tide was heightening, the red tide could cause for any time in the whole year, the area causing was expanding, the holding time was longer, the degree causing disserve was greater, there were new species recorded and more red tides are noxious, etc. Through studying on the causing of the red tides, it considered that there was following four causes: ① There were more and more species causing red tides in coastal Guangdong sea, it was the important result causing red tide;\{② The\} marine polluting and the polluting from the marine breed aquatics were the basic consideration of the red tide causing continually;③ The causing of red tide related closely in the change of the season, the red tides mostly happen during March and May in coastal Guangdong sea, it was the change from northeast monsoon to southwest monsoon;④ It was resulted in the global climate. In addition, it advanced four countermeasures for preventing the disservice and decreasing economical losing causing the red tides in coastal Guangdong sea.