不同低毒性替代试剂抽提对芳烃地球化学特征的影响研究

The Effect of Different Low Toxic Substitutive Reagent Extraction on Geochemistry Characteristics of Aromatic Hydrocarbon

三氯甲烷是岩石可溶有机质抽提常用的溶剂,但由于其较强的毒性,有必要寻找低毒高效的替代溶剂。比较了6种抽提方法的利弊,并且结合前期的饱和烃地球化学特征影响的成果,探讨了6种抽提方法对芳烃地球化学特征的影响。结果表明,6种方法得到的芳烃化合物的分布及相关参数基本接近,仅B方法的化合物的抽提存在明显差异,不同于其余方法;而E方法的抽提效果更佳,甲基萘化合物的分布相对高一些,更有利于参数的计算,而其余的菲、三芴及四环与五环芳烃化合物的分布及参数接近。结合饱和烃的分布总体认为,E方法更有利于抽提,并且更加环保低毒,而高含量甲醇与丙酮及三氯甲基毒性大一些,对人体有害,从而选择V(二氯甲烷)∶V(甲醇)=98∶2为更可靠的抽提试剂。

The chloroform was a commonly used solvent in conventional extraction,it was necessary to search for substituted solvents or methods due to severe toxicity of chloroform.Six types of extraction methods were proposed and their solvents and disadvantages were compared.The study result shows that the distribution and geochemical parameters based on aromatic hydrocarbons have no significant differences.Only Method B is different from others.And Method E is perfect,and the content of naphthalene is higher and beneficial for parameter calculation.However,the distribution of phenanthrene,three fluorenes and pentacyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are similar.Combined with the saturated hydrocarbons distribution,Method E is prefect for low toxic and environmental protection.But the high content of methanol,propanone and chloroform methenyl is harm to human body.So,through the analysis,results indicate that methanol(98∶2) is the best substitute.