露天矿边坡爆破岩体损伤特性的模型试验研究

Experimental research on characteristics of model of damaged open pit slope rock mass by blast

为了研究露天矿边坡保留岩体爆破损伤规律,根据相似原理,制作水泥砂浆模型,对水泥砂浆模型爆破前后的声波速度进行测试,通过爆破前后声波速度降低率来评价爆破对水泥砂浆模型的损伤程度,从而评价其对边坡保留岩体的影响。实验结果表明,炮孔轴向上,药包处的损伤最大;就不耦合装药和耦合装药爆破,保留岩体区域的损伤范围分别为0.3m和0.5m,由于模型自身的原因,随着距炮孔水平距离的增加,爆破后声波降低率有起伏地减小。

In order to study the slope reserved rock blasting damage law, cement mortar models were built in aceordance with the similarity principle to measure sonic velocity of the cement mortar models and to evaluate the damage extent by blasting on the cement mortar modes at the sonic velocity reduction rate before and after its blasting. The test results showed that in axial charge of the blast hole, damage is at maximum and in the retention area of uncoupling charge and coupling charge blasting rock mass is ranged from 30era to 50cm. Due to its own reasons of the models, with increase of the horizontal distance to boreholes, the post-blas- ting acoustic reduction rate is decreased fluetuantly.