护理本科生孤独感与生命意义感的关系研究

Relationship between Loneliness and Sense of Meaning of Life among Nursing Undergraduates

目的了解护理本科生孤独感与生命意义感现状及两者的关系。方法采用孤独感量表第3版(University of CaliforniaLos Angeles Loneliness Scale,UCLA)和生活目的量表(Purpose in Life Test,PIL)对268名在校护理本科生进行调查。结果护理本科生孤独感自评总分为(41.50±7.91)分,是否独生子女、不同年级的护理本科生孤独感差异无统计学意义,不同生源地(t=2.243,P<0.05)、不同性格(t=5.196,P<0.01)的护理本科生孤独感差异有统计学意义。护理本科生生命意义感自评总分为(97.50±16.68)分,高、中、低PIL得分的护理本科生在UCLA总分上差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),PIL及其各因子得分越高,UCLA总分越低,提示护理本科生的生活目的与意义感水平越高,孤独感越轻,心理越健康。护理本科生UCLA得分与PIL总分呈显著负相关(r=-0.585,P<0.001),与PIL各因子均呈负相关(r=-0.472～-0.527,P<0.001),其中与生命价值的相关程度最高(r=-0.527)。回归分析显示,护理本科生生命意义感对孤独感的预测能力为34.8%。结论护理本科生孤独感与生命意义感关系密切。生命意义感越强,孤独感就越轻,且对孤独感有一定预测作用。

Objective To understand the loneliness and sense of meaning of fife of nursing undergraduates and to explore the correlation between them. Methods With University of California Los Angels Loneliness Scale （UCLA） third version and Purpose in Life Test （PIL）, 268 college nursing students were investigated. Results Nursing undergraduates＇ score of UCLA was 41.50~7.91. Loneliness of students from different grades and that of those whether the only child or not indicated no statistic significance but loneliness of students from different regions （t=2.243, P〈0.05） and that of those with different personality （t=5.196, P〈0.01） showed remarkable statistic significance. Nursing undergraduates＇ score of PIL was 97.50±16.68. Total scores of UCLA of students with different P1L scores had significant difference （P〈0.01）, and the higher PIL score and factor score were, the lower UCLA total score was, which showed that the higher level of sense of meaning of life, the better mental health of nursing students. There was negative correlation among UCLA total score, PIL score （r=-0,585, P〈0.001） and PIL factor scores （r=-0.472--0.527, P〈0.001） and the correlation with the value of life reached the highest （r=-0.527）. P1L scores had a significant regression effect on loneliness, and could explain 34.8% of the variance of loneliness. Conclusion Nursing undergraduates＇ sense of meaning of life is closely related to their UCLA total score. The higher level of sense of meaning of life, the lower loneliness of nursing students, and PIL could explain some of the variance of loneliness.