魏晋名士对孝道的反思

The Reflection on Filial Piety of Wei-Jin Celebrities

先秦儒家的孝道思想包括孝之情和孝之礼。汉代对孝道进行了全面的政治化改造,注重忠孝一体。魏晋名士在儒道合流的背景下对于孝道思想进行了反思。正始名士何晏、王弼发挥孝之情的重要意义;竹林名士阮籍、王戎分别以自己的守丧行为指斥孝之礼的虚伪和束缚;两晋名士融合孝之情、礼矛盾,将曾经尖锐的情、礼对立消融为率性尊礼。魏晋名士对孝道的反思深化了中国传统的孝道思想。

The Pre-Qin Confucian filial piety thought contained emotions and politeness. The filial piety was political reformed roundly in the Han dynasty, emphasized on combining loyalty with piety. In the background of the confluent tendency of Confucianism and Taoism , the Wei-Jin celebrities reflected the filial piety thought. He Yan and Wang Bi who was Zhengshi celebrities explained the emotional importance of filial piety. Ruan Ji and Wang Rong who was Zhulin celebrities criticized the phony and ties of politeness in filial piety by the behaviors after their parents died. Two-Jin celebrities resolved the conflicts between emotions and politeness of filial piety ,transformed the opposition into unity. This kind of thought also deepened the filial piety in Chinese traditional culture.