明清以来汉神信仰在清水江下游的传播及其影响——以天柱苗侗地区为中心

The Spread of Han Belief and Its Influence in the Lower Reaches of Qingshuijiang River Since the Ming and Qing Dynasty: ——Taking the Miao and Dong Areas in Tianzhu as a Case

明清以来,中央王朝对清水江流域实施了大规模的经营活动。在此过程中,明清王朝把在新拓殖地区推行汉神信仰作为重要的经营策略。就清水江下游天柱苗侗地区而言,明王朝万历年间由所置县,是为官方推行汉神信仰的开始,明末清初则是汉神大规模传入的时期。时到乾隆时代,整个汉神系统已网络式地分布于整个清水江下游的乡村社会。自此,民众既想象着借汉神庇佑而人才辈出,又试图通过汉神信仰在乡村社会建立组织资源和构建身份认同,同时还赋予汉神作为监管民众行为与行事法律裁判的权力。明清王朝正是通过这种汉神信仰的推行,对边疆乡村社会进行着有效地管理。

Since business activities in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the central government Qingshuijiang River. In the process, the government has implemented on a large scale the wanted to take The Han Belief as the important management strategy in this new colonized areas. With Tianzhu County as a case, the Ming Dynasty set it as the home county in the Wanli regime to pursue The Han Belief. The Ming and the early Qing Dynasty wit- nessed a large scaled introduction of The Han Belief into the country. To the Qianlong Regime, the whole Han Belief had been distributed widely in Qingshuijiang River Region. Henceforth, people intended to rely on The Han Belief to bring up a lot of talents ; on the other hand, they tried to establish organization resources and con- struct identity with the help of The Han Belief. That apart, they authorized The Han Belief the power to supervise the public behavior and to judge legal disputes. The Ming and Qing Dynasty managed the rural society in the bor- dering areas effectively by the introducing of The Han Belief.