晚清天柱地区土地的集中与分散——以刘文举、昌儒父子土地经营为个案

The Centralization and Decentralization of Land in Qingshuijiang Area during the Late Qing Dynasty: ——Taking the Case of Land Business in Tianzhu by Liu Wenju and Changru(Father and Son) as Example

目前,清水江文书的原始史料价值已经得到世界公认,但以此为基础所进行的各项研究仍处在起步阶段。本文以天柱县刘氏家族土地契约文书为基础,通过刘氏家族土地集中和分散的史实考察,对其家族的土地经营情况进行分析,认为家族分関制是该地区重要的土地经营策略,而刘氏家族的迁移策略,又是对于晚清清水江流域家族土地经营策略的进步发展。

The historical value of Qingshuijiang Manuscripts of Indigenous Agroforestry Contracts has been recognized by the world, but the research on these original documents is still at the primary stage. Based on the collected land lease about the business by the Liu family in Tianzhu, the historical data related to the concentra- tion and deconcentration of the land by that family and the analysis of their land business, the present paper holds that the separation system for land business by the Liu family in Qingshuijiang is a migrating strategy adopt- ed by that family. It is beneficial for the development of land management in that area in the late Qing Dynasty.