论我国南方丘陵山区扩大种植各民族传统特优农林产品的生态维护价值

On the Ecological Maintenance Value by Expanding Traditional Agroforestry Products on Hilly Lands in South China

在历史上,我国南方各民族曾经培育出了一系列的特优农林产品,如白蜡、桐油、油茶、生漆、葛藤、优质糯米等,[1]并凭借这些优质农林产品曾经实现过我国南方地区的富裕和繁荣。可是,进入20世纪后,由于这些产品不能适应社会转型的需求,而纷纷退出了历史舞台,而只能以残存的方式在农村得到有限的传承和利用。与此同时,从国外引进的农林产品,或者是靠现代育种技术培育的农林产品却在极大的范围内置换了上述各种特优农林产品。这一置换在短期内虽然赢得了一定的社会经济效益,但却埋下了生态安全的隐患,使得相关地区的生态建设蒙受了损失。本文仅就传统特优农林产品的相关生态维护价值展开讨论,以便唤起世人的关注,为"十二五"规划的制定和实现提供经验与教训。

In history, ethnic minority groups in South China have cultivated all kinds of traditional agrofor- estry products such as white wax, tung oil, tea oil, lacquer, kudzu, high -quality sticky rice, and the area has been prosperous and rich because of these agroforestry products. However, these products could not meet the needs of social transformation after entering the 20th century. They are seldom inherited and used in the country- side. At the same time, the alien or modem breeding techniques for agroforestry products replace the traditional ones broadly. This sort of replacement has stimulated the development of social economy within a short time, but created security risks for the ecological environment. It even made the related areas suffer from losses in ecologi- cal constructions. The present paper discusses the ecological maintenance value of the traditional high - quality agroforestry products to arouse the world~ attention and to provide experience and lessons for the development and implementation of the ＂12th Five Year Plan＂.