目的论的康德历史哲学

Teleological philosophy of history in Kant

康德的历史哲学是一种完全从哲学上考察历史的思辨的历史哲学,它将目的论原则引入历史领域,以整个人类的历史为其对象,由此形成了一部向着善而不断进步的"道德史",其最终目的就是实现人类的"永久和平"。但康德的历史哲学是以道德形而上学为依归的,它无关乎人类历史现象本身,而仅仅从道德主体的角度来观察人类历史,因而是超历史的,是一种在黑格尔思辨历史哲学的类比意义上的历史哲学。

Kant＇s philosophy of history is a speculative philosophy of history, which philosophically studies the whole history of mankind, introduces teleological principle into the field of history, in order to form ＂a moral history＂ that is a good progress towards humanity＇s ＂perpetual peace＂. But Kant＇s philosophy of history is based on the metaphysics of morals, which observes the history of mankind only from the perspective of the moral subject, and it＇s related to phenomena of human history itself. So it＇s super-historical, and it＇s the philosophy of history on the analogical significance of Hegel＇s speculative philosophy of history.