宪政视角下的南京国民政府县银行制度史论——以规则变迁为中心

The county’bank system of Nanjing National Government and its constitutional dependence

民国时期,我国银行体制配合行政组织结构逐步开始了三级建制,即国家银行(含中央银行与特许银行)、省银行、市县银行。自南京国民政府成立以来,随着国家统制金融体制的推进,地方银行越来越明显地受控于国家。其中,自孙中山始的地方自治思想及其后推行的地方自治运动,构成了县银行制度演进的路径依赖,县银行的发展及1940年县银行法的公布皆受制于此。

In Modern China, with administrative organizational structure, the bank system began to the triple organizational system gradually, that is, the state bank （including the central bank and chartered bank）, provincial bank, county bank. Since the NanJing National Government had been established, with the national regulated financial system＇s advancement, the local banks were controlled more and more by the state obviously, Among them, local self-government principles from Sun Yat-sen and implementation of local autonomy movement, the practice constitutes the evolution of county＇bank system on the path, and the development of county bank and 1940＇ County Bank Law are subject to it all.