“蓝色粮仓”空间拓展策略选择及其保障措施

The strategies and safeguard measures of expanding the space of Blue Granary

目前我国部分近海和滩涂空间被过度开发利用,捕捞和养殖空间资源利用几近饱和,渔业资源出现明显衰退,凸现了近海养殖区域水体富营养化、养殖品种品质退化、原有渔场转移甚至消失等一系列问题。我国远洋渔业由于起步晚、装备技术较落后,综合实力与渔业发达国家存在较大距离,仍有待扶持壮大。以上问题限制了"蓝色粮仓"的空间拓展及产品输出。文章提出了坚持限额捕捞制度、扶持远洋渔业、优化传统养殖模式、推广深水网箱养殖、兴建海洋牧场、发展现代化工厂化养殖的空间拓展策略,并从规划用海、资金支持、产业政策、科技支撑以及国际合作等角度提出了相应的保障措施。

Nowadays, part of the shallow sea and beaches in China have already been over-exploited, space resource for both aquaculture and fishing has been nearly over-used, and fishery resources have suffered deterioration, resulting in eutrophication, germplasm resources degenerating and fishing ground transferring or even disappearing. Pelagic fishery contemporarily falls behind those countries whose fishing industries are well-developed, because of starting late and poor equipment. The above facts impose restrictions on the expansion and output of the ＂Blue Granary＂. Adhering to limited-fishing policy, promoting pelagic fishery, optimizing traditional cultivation, developing off-shore cage breeding, constructing marine ranching and enhancing industrial aquaculture are proposed as expanding strategies of ＂Blue Granary＂ in this paper. And related safeguard measures are presented from the perspective of planning sea area use, finance support, industry policy, technology support and international cooperation.