不同林龄马尾松人工林土壤节肢动物群落结构

Population structure of soil arthropod in different age Pinus massoniana plantations

于2011年春季(5月)和秋季(10月),研究了长江上游地区3、8、14、31和40年生马尾松林土壤节肢动物群落结构.结果表明:试验共捕获土壤动物4045只,隶属57科.土壤节肢动物的个体密度和类群数量随土壤深度增加显著降低,且这种趋势随林龄的增加而增加.不同林龄马尾松林土壤节肢动物的优势类群和常见类群差异较大,且土壤节肢动物的个体密度和类群数量差异显著.与其他林龄相比,造林3年的马尾松林土壤节肢动物的群落结构及多样性差异显著,群落相似度低.马尾松林的土壤节肢动物个体密度和类群数量及生物多样性在8年生阶段最高,此后,随林龄的增加明显降低.马尾松林地力可能随林龄的增加而衰退,对马尾松人工林的植被调控和改造宜在8年生阶段进行.

An investigation was conducted on the population structure of soil arthropod community in the 3-, 8-, 14-, 31-, and 40-years old Pinus massoniana plantations in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in spring （May） and autumn （October）, 2011, aimed to search for the scientific management of the plantation. A total of 4045 soil lies. Both the individual density and the taxonomic decreased obviously with increasing soil depth, and group number of the soil arthropod community this trend increased with increasing stand age. The dominant groups and ordinary groups of the soil arthropod community varied greatly with the stand age of P. massoniana plantation, and a significant difference （P〈0.05） was observed in the individual density and taxonomic group number among different age P. massoniana plantations. In comparison with other stand age P. massoniana plantations, 3-years old P. massoniana plantation had a significant difference in the structure and diversity of soil arthropod community, and the simi- larity index of the soil arthropod community was lower. The individual density, taxonomic group number, and diversity of soil arthropod community were the highest in 8-years old P. massoniana plantation, and then, decreased obviously with increasing stand age. It was suggested that the land fertility of the P. massoniana plantations could be degraded with increasing stand age, and it would be appropriate to make artificial regulation and restoration in 8-years old P. massoniana plantation.