福州和厦门大气污染物突变特征与气象条件的关系

Relationships between the mutation characteristics of atmospheric pollutants and meteorological conditions in Fuzhou and Xiamen

利用2006-2010年福建省福州和厦门的环境监测资料和气象资料,对城市空气质量等级出现正、负突变的现象进行分析,结果表明:厦门SO2浓度高于福州;这2个城市PM10和NO2的浓度分布基本相同,但厦门出现PM10轻度污染的次数比福州少;福州和厦门在1-4月份出现轻度污染的几率比其它月份大,且福州高于厦门;福州PM10浓度出现等级突变的事件比厦门多,更易发生轻度污染事件;影响福州和厦门出现PM10浓度等级突变的主要天气系统为变性冷高压、低涡切变、暖区辐合和高空槽;日雨量越大,福州和厦门出现PM10浓度等级负突变的机会越多;福州和厦门PM10浓度在等级突变上受风向的影响比较明显,风速强弱决定着浓度等级突变的属性.

Based on the environmental monitoring and meteorological data in Fuzhou and Xiamen from 2006 to 2010, the positive and negative grade mutations of urban air quality were analyzed. The results were as follows： the concentration of SO2 in Xiamen was higher than that in Fuzhou, and the concentration distributions of PM10 and NO2 were basically the same in the two cities, but the a- mount of minor contamination of PM10 concentration was less in Xiamen than that in Fuzhou. The probabilities of minor contamina- tion were maximum from January to April in Fuzhou and Xiamen, with that in Fuzhou being higher than that in Xiamen. The epi- sodes of grade mutation of PM10 concentration in Fuzhou were more than those in Xiamen, which might result in more minor contami- nation incidents in Fuzhou. The major meteorological systems leading to mutation of PM10 concentration in Fuzhou and Xiamen were denatured cold high pressure, low vortex shear, warm sector convergence and upper trough. The greater the value of daily rainfall was, the more opportunity of negative mutation of PM10 concentration was in Fuzhou and Xiamen. The grade mutation of PM10 con- centration was significantly influenced by wind direction, and the mutation property of concentration was determined by the strength of wind speed.