弹簧圈置入法建立恒河猴可逆性大脑中动脉阻塞模型的初步研究

Establishment of a reversible middle cerebral artery occlusion model with endovascular coil placement in rhesus monkeys

目的采用血管内弹簧圈置入法初步建立恒河猴可逆性大脑中动脉阻塞模型。方法选择4只成年健康恒河猴为实验动物,采用血管内介入技术,将1枚弹簧圈(2 mm×10 cm)置入大脑中动脉(MCA)起始部(不解脱弹簧圈),完全阻断MCA血流2 h,回收弹簧圈,恢复MCA血流灌注,初步建立恒河猴可逆性大脑中动脉阻塞模型。通过DSA、磁共振血管造影(MRA)、MRI及神经功能缺损情况评价动物模型是否成功。结果成功将弹簧圈置入4只恒河猴MCA起始部。弹簧圈释放后,MCA血流被完全阻断,远端血管不显影。阻断2 h,回收弹簧圈后MCA血流恢复。阻塞后2 h MRI检查显示,4只动物T1和T2加权相均未显示有梗死病灶,皮质和基底核区在弥散加权相(DWI)上出现异常高信号,MCA阻塞侧大脑半球肿胀。MRA检查显示MCA完全闭塞。动物苏醒后出现肢体偏瘫、口角歪斜等神经功能缺损症状。结论利用血管内弹簧圈栓塞技术制作恒河猴可逆性MCA阻塞模型具有可行性。

Objective To establish a reversible middle cerebral artery （MCA） occlusion model with endovascular coil placement in rhesus monkeys. Methods Four adult male healthy rhesus monkeys were selected as experimental animals. A coil （2 mm- 10 cm） was implanted into the origin of MCA （undetach- able） using the endovascular interventional techniques. The MCA blood flow was blocked completely for 2 hours,and then the coil was withdrawn and the MCA blood flow was restored. A reversible MCA occlusion model was induced initially. Whether the animal model successful or not was evaluated by digital subtrac- tion angiography （ DSA ） , magnetic resonance angiography （ MRA）, magnetic resonance imaging （ MRI ）, and neurological deficits. Results The coils were implanted into the origins of MCA successfully in 4 rhesus monkeys. After coil release,the MCA blood flow was blocked completely. The distal blood vessels did not develop. Being blocked for 2 hours, the MCA blood flow was restored after withdrawing the coils. Being blocked for 2 hours, MRI examination showed that T1- and T2-weighted images of the 4 animals did not reveal any infarction lesions. The cortex and basal ganglia on the diffusion-weighted images （DWI） ap- peared abnormal high signals, and the brain hemisphere of MCA blocked side was swollen. MRA examination showed that the MCA was blocked completely. The animals had the symptoms of neurological deficit, such as hemiplegia and mouth askew. Conclusion Inducing a reversible MCA occlusion model with en- dovascular coil technique in rhesus monkeys has a high successful rate and mild injury.