德国小蠊抗药性与乙酰胆碱酯酶、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性关系的研究

Study on relationship between insecticide resistance and activities of acetylcholinesterase, glutathione S-transferase, and superoxide dismutase in Blattella germanica

目的了解山东省不同地理种群德国小蠊乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)、谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(GSTs)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性,分析它们与抗药性的关系,探讨德国小蠊抗药性发生的生化机制及相关酶活性作为抗药性监测指标的可行性。方法采用分光光度计法,测定不同地理种群德国小蠊AChE、GSTs和SOD的活性。结果济南、淄博、东营、德州市4个不同地理种群德国小蠊的GSTs、AChE活性较敏感品系均有不同程度升高,GSTs、AChE活性相对比值分别为1.11～1.53、2.44～3.46,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),SOD活性相对比值为1.00～1.12,与敏感品系比较差异无统计学意义。结论德国小蠊野外种群GSTs、AChE活性上的差异表明GSTs、AChE与德国小蠊抗药性的产生和发展密切相关,其活性相对比值可作为德国小蠊抗药性的监测指标,而SOD与抗药性的关系不显著,其活性相对比值仅能作为德国小蠊抗药性的参考指标。

Objective To investigate the activities of acetylcholinesterase （ACHE）, glutathione S-transferase （GSTs）, and superoxide dismutase （SOD） in different field populations of Blattella germanica in Shandong province, and analyze their relationship with insecticide resistance, and to study the biochemical mechanism by which B. germanica develops insecticide resistance and explore the feasibility of using the enzymatic activities as the monitoring indices for insecticide resistance. Methods The activities of ACHE, GSTs, and SOD in different field populations of B. germanica were measured by spectrophotometry. Results The activities of GSTs and AChE in the B. germanica from Jinan, Zibo, Dongying, and Dezhou were significantly higher than those in the sensitive strain, with relative ratios of 1.11-1.53 and 2.44-3.46, respectively （P〈0.05）. There was a positive correlation between GSTs and AChE activities and the insecticide resistance of B. germanica. On the other hand, there were no significant differences in SOD activity between these field populations and the sensitive strain, with a relative ratio of 1.00-1.12. Conclusion The field populations of B. germanica have higher activities of GSTs and AChE than the sensitive strain, which suggests that GSTs and AChE are involved in the development of insecticide resistance in B. germanica and closely related to this process. Therefore, the relative activities of GSTs and AChE may be used as the monitoring indices for the insecticide resistance of B. germanica. There is no significant correlation between SOD activity and insecticide resistance in B. germanica, so the relative activity of SOD can only be used as a reference index for the insecticide resistance of B. germanica.