干预性灭鼠在鼠疫自然疫源地监测及预警中的应用

Application of interventional rodent control for monitoring and early warning in natural foci of plague

目的探讨干预性灭鼠在长爪沙鼠鼠疫自然疫源地监测及预警中的应用。方法长爪沙鼠密度调查采取一日弓形夹法;长爪沙鼠密度预测采用动物经典的数量预测预报公式,并结合当地实际情况做出预警;灭鼠药选用抗凝血剂溴鼠灵,毒饵浓度0.008%,采用鼠洞投药方式。结果平均每公顷投毒饵约10kg,14d后灭效达99%以上,长爪沙鼠平均密度从灭前的31只/hm2下降至灭后的0.25只/hm2。结论采用溴鼠灵在长爪沙鼠鼠疫自然疫源地高风险区域实施干预性灭鼠措施,能有效降低鼠疫主要宿主密度,消除该地区动物间鼠疫暴发流行的可能及风险因素。

Objective To investigate the application of interventional rodent control for monitoring and early warning in the natural foci of Meriones unguiculatus plague. Methods The population density of M. unguiculatus was monitored by 24 hour arch trap method and was predicted using the classic quantitative prediction formula for animals, and early warning was made in consideration of the local conditions. The anticoagulant brodifacoum was used as a rodenticide, and the poison bait with a brodifacoum concentration of 0.008% was put at the gerbil holes. Results On average, 10 kg of poison bait was applied per hectare; 14 days later, over 99% of gerbils were killed, and the mean population density of M. unguiculatus was decreased from 31 gerbils/bin2 to 0.25 gerbils/hm^2. Conclusion In the high-risk areas of the natural loci of M. unguiculatus plague, the interventional rodent control measures using brodifacoum can effectively decrease the population density of main plague host, inhibiting the risk factors for plague outbreak among animals.