精神病类药物在城市污水中的分布与净化

Distribution and purification of psychiatric pharmaceuticals in municipal wastewater

精神病类药物直接作用于中枢神经系统,破坏神经内分泌信号,其在环境中的积累将给生态系统和人类健康带来巨大的潜在风险,城市污水是其最重要的环境排放源.本文介绍了精神病类药物的分类、使用情况及生物毒性,总结了环境水样中精神病类药物分析检测方法,综述了世界各地城市污水中精神病类药物分布情况,比较了不同类型污水处理技术对精神病药物的去除效率,为促进我国城市污水中精神病类药物排放控制提供了基础资料和科学依据.

Psychiatric pharmaceuticals can affect human central nervous system and disturb the signal transduction pathway of hypothalamic neuroendocrine system. These pharmaceuticals accumulate in environment and present potential risk to environment and human health. Municipal wastewater is significant emission source for psychiatric pharmaceuticals. This paper introduced the classification of psychiatric pharmaceuticals, the current consumed status and toxicity of psychiatric pharmaceuticals. The analytical methods for the determination of psychiatric pharmaceuticals in environmental water samples were summarized. The distribution of psychiatric pharmaceuticals in municipal wastewater all over the world was summarized. The removal efficiency of psychiatric pharmaceuticals by using different types of wastewater treatment technology was compared. This summary provided basic information and scientific basis for improving the control and management level of psychiatric pharmaceuticals in municipal wastewater.