端粒酶在细胞永生化中的应用

Progress on Telomerase and Cellular Immortalization

细胞永生化是目前细胞生物学研究的热点和难点之一。位于真核生物细胞染色体末端的端粒可以稳定染色体,而由RNA和蛋白质组成的端粒酶以自身RNA为模板合成端粒。因此,将外源性端粒酶逆转录酶(TERT)基因转染至目的细胞,则可能诱导细胞发生永生化。本文从端粒、端粒酶、端粒酶在细胞永生化中的应用、端粒酶在传代细胞系中的应用、存在问题与展望等五个方面进行了综述,以期为相关研究人员提供参考。

Establishment of immortalized cell line was one of the hot and difficult subjects in cell biology. Telomeres at chromosome ends in eukaryotes stable the chromosome. Telomerase, an RNA - protein complex, adds multiple telomeric repeats to its 3 - prime end by using RNA component as template. Thus ectopic expression of the telomerase reverse transcriptase （TERT） and subsequent activation of telomerase can allow normal eukaryotes to over - come senescence and crisis, and become immortal. An overview of the advance in the telomere, applications of telomerase in the cell immortalization, applications of telomerase in the cell line as well as question and prospect was given, in order to give reference to the researcher.