血液辐照仪的辐射剂量监测

Monitoring Results of Radiation Dose in a Blood Irradiator

[目的]通过对血液辐照仪周围环境和操作人员个人年有效剂量的监测,为日后的监管工作提供科学依据。[方法]于2004—2011年,采用451P型γ射线环境巡测仪每年对环境监测,采用徽章式热释光剂量计每季度对操作人员的个人剂量监测。[结果]环境监测结果显示,开机状态,辐照仪北侧0.05m处平均剂量率最大,为0.78μSv/h,0.05m四周平均剂量率为0.73μSv/h,1m处平均剂量率为0.38μSv/h;关机状态,0.05m四周平均剂量率0.21μSv/h,1m处平均剂量率为0.13μSv/h。操作人员人均年有效剂量平均值最高为0.186mSv/a,最低为0.171mSv/a,平均为0.181mSv/a。[结论]血液辐照仪安全性较好,但日常工作中应注重其环境和操作人员个人辐射剂量的监测。

[ Objective ] To monitor the radiometric data of a selected blood irradiator to the surrounding environment and the accumulated radiation dose received by operators, and to provide scientific basis for blood irradiator supervision in the future. [ Methods ] From 2004 to 2011, environmental radiometric data of 451P T-ray were acquired at different distances from a selected blood irradiator by T-ray radiometric monitor. Personal accumulated radiation doses of machine operators were recorded by thermoluminescent dosimeters quarterly. [ Results ] During operation, the maximum y-ray dose-rate （0.78 μSv/h） was found at 0.05 m north from the blood irradiator, and the averages were 0.73 μSv/h at 0.05 m radius and 0.38 μSv/h at lm radius. When the blood irradiator was switched off, the average dose rates at 0.05 m radius and lm radius were 0.21 μSv/h and 0.13 μSv/h, respectively. For the operators, the annually accumulated doses ranged from 0.171 mSv/a to 0.186 mSv/a, and the average was 0.181 mSV/a. [ Conclusion ] The blood irradiator is within the safe range of national occupational exposure standard and its environmental and personal radiation doses should be monitored regularly by operators.