某三甲医院牙体牙髓科室内危害因素调查

Environmental Hazards in Stomatology Department of a First Class Hospital

[目的]了解某三甲医院牙体牙髓科室环境中主要危害因素污染情况。[方法]于2012年4—7月,在某三甲医院牙体牙髓科室进行甲醛、总挥发性有机化合物(total volatile organic compounds,TVOC)、二氧化碳(carbondioxide,CO2)、噪声的检测,调查科室空间大小、员工人数、药品等基本信息。[结果]牙体牙髓科室内空气中甲醛、TVOC、CO2和噪声总体合格率分别为55.15%、29.09%、96.36%、49.09%。其中早晨、上午、下午3个时段,TVOC合格率为32.27%、56.36%、14.55%,甲醛为12.72%、81.82%、70.91%,CO2为100.00%、100.00%、89.09%,噪声为100.00%、21.82%、25.45%,各因素在不同时段的合格率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]该院牙体牙髓科工作环境中TVOC的危害程度较高,甲醛浓度和噪音强度对人体有一定的影响,CO2浓度基本达标。

[ Objective ] To understand the pollution levels of major hazards in the stomatology department of a first-class hospital. [ Methods ] From April to July 2012, formaldehyde, total volatile organic compounds（TVOC）, carbon dioxide （CO2）, and noise in a selected department of stomatology in a first-class general hospital were measured. Room size, number of staff, medicines, and other basic information were also collected. [ Results ] The qualified rates of formaldehyde, TVOC, CO2, and noise in the department were 55.15%, 29.09%, 96.36%, and 49.09%. In 7：30, 11：00, and 16：00, the qualified rates of TVOC were 32.27%, 56.36%, and 14.55%; 12.72%, 81.82%, and 70.91% for formaldehyde; 100.00%, 100.00%, and 89.09% for CO2; 100.00%, 21.82%, and 25.45% for noise （all P〈0.05）. [ Conclusion ] In the selected stomatological workplace, TVOC is the leading health hazard, followed by formaldehyde and noise, and CO2 concentrations are qualified for relevant standards.