旋挖钻机钻桅结构有限元分析与试验研究

Finite element analysis and test on drilling mast of rotary drilling rig

钻桅作为旋挖钻机施工过程中承力的关键部件,对旋挖钻机的作业性能和施工安全性起着极其关键的作用。本文以旋挖钻机钻桅结构为研究对象,在分析提升和钻进工况下钻桅受力情况的基础上,利用有限元软件,建立了钻桅有限元模型,选取这两种典型工况进行了强度、刚度分析,给出了钻桅结构的应力云图和位移云图,得到桅杆变幅油缸铰接处、鹅头与上桅杆的连接部位、加压油缸支座处都属于应力集中区域,鹅头变形最大,为结构的设计和改进提供参考。同时对钻桅进行了模态分析,获得其固有频率和相应振型,表明钻桅不会发生共振现象。为验证有限元仿真计算结果的合理性,对钻桅进行了应力测试试验,结果表明仿真结果与试验测试结果吻合。

A mast, an important supporting and loading component of rotary drilling machines, plays a crucial role in working performance and construction safety. Being taken mast of rotary drill- ing rig as a research object, based on mechanics analysis of mast under hoisting and drilling condi- tions, a finite element model of mast was established by using finite element software. Structural strength and stiffness under the two typical working conditions were calculated respectively. The stress contour plots and displacement contour plots of mast were generated. Support in mast cylin- der, contact area between sheave cathead and upper mast and support in pull-down cylinder belongs to the stress concentration regions and the maximum deformation occurs in the position of sheave eat- head, providing reference for designing and improvement. Natural frequencies and vibration modes were achieved by modal analysis, which shows that the resonance viberation would not occur. In or- der to validate the rationality of the results got by finite element analysis, stress test on mast was conducted. The results indicate that the finite element results have a good agreement with the test re- suits.