任务目的对自动语义激活过程的调节作用:ERPs研究

Task Effect on Automatic Semantic Activation:An ERP Study

此研究采用ERPs技术,中文词汇为刺激,利用掩蔽启动范式,探讨了自上而下的任务因素对自动语义激活过程是否具有调节作用。实验任务有三个:指示被试对问号后出现的词进行生物/非生物的词汇分类判断;指示被试对圆圈后出现的词进行是否含上下结构的字的词汇结构判断;对带"*"的词进行真词/假词判断。研究发现:当指示随后将进行词汇分类判断任务时,被试对被掩蔽的启动刺激产生语义加工期待,从而被掩蔽的启动刺激的加工达到深层次语义水平,被掩蔽的启动刺激对靶刺激产生显著的启动效应。当指示对启动刺激进行词汇结构判断时,无显著的启动效应。自上而下的任务因素对自动语义激活过程具有调节作用。

In the experiments, using ERP technique, masked priming paradigm and Chinese two - character words as stimuli, to discuss if the automatic semantic activation can be modulated by top - down task factor. Subjects were asked to perform categorization task or structure decision task of the prime. Then, participants were asked to perform lexical decision task with the words that had a star symbol on it, which is the targets. The study find that when subjects were asked to perform categorization task of the prime, they would form the semantic expectation of the prime. So the masked prime had priming effect on targets. There was no such effect when subjects performed the structure decision task of the prime. So, the conclusion is automatic semantic activation can be modulated by top - down task factor.