治理视野下地方政府在城市蔓延管理中的角色转变

On the Change in the Role of Local Government in Managing Urban Sprawl from the Perspective of Governance

城市蔓延是摆在中国健康城市化道路上的巨大阻碍,除技术原因外,地方政府在城市蔓延管理中的角色偏差是形成这一问题的重要因素。目前中国地方政府管理型行政模式的诸多弊端给城市用地政策的地方执行造成了巨大阻力,从职能、目标、行为和利益四方面来看,地方政府不同程度地存在着角色错位、成长目标置换、行为失当和利益分配失衡的问题。在中国行政模式由管理型向治理型不断转变的过程中,新公共服务和网络化治理上升为理论主导,地方政府在城市蔓延管理中的角色需做出相应改变以适应城市治理模式下的新要求。通过对地方政府原有角色缺点的分析并结合治理理论的要求来设置地方政府的应然角色:组导者、保障者、公利还原者以及长线投资者,从而明晰了地方政府在城市蔓延治理中的角色定位及变向,对于亟待突破城市发展与用地紧缺两难窘境的中国城市具有积极的指导作用。

Urban sprawl is a great obstacle for China＇s urbanization, which comes from the role of dislocation of local government in managing urban sprawl besides those technical reasons. In aspects of functions, goals, acts and interests, the local government has drawbacks in various degrees such as, role of dislocation; growth goals displacement, misconduct and imbalance interests in managing urban sprawl. The role of local government in managing urban sprawl should be changed so as to meet the new demand of urban governance when China administrative model is changed from management into governance and the theory of new public service and network governance become a theoretical guide. Through analyzing the drawbacks of original roles of local government, it is concluded that under the administration model of urban governance, the new roles of local government should be as an organizer, safeguard, pubhc interest representative and longer term investor. Therefore, the role positioning and change of local government is significant for China＇s urban land resource sustainable development.