氧化纤维素的制备及其对重金属离子吸附性能的研究

Preparation of oxycellulose and its absorbability of heavy metal ions

采用高碘酸钠溶液对棉纤维进行选择性氧化制得氧化纤维素,并运用氧化纤维素对不同重金属离子溶液做吸附性能测试.结果表明:棉纤维经高碘酸钠溶液氧化后变成二醛纤维素,其醛基含量主要受高碘酸钠的质量浓度、氧化时间和氧化温度影响,吸附重金属离子较优的氧化纤维素的制备工艺为氧化时间24h、氧化温度45℃、高碘酸钠溶液浓度10.7g/L;含有醛基的氧化纤维素对Cu(Ⅱ)、Cr(Ⅵ)、Zn(Ⅱ)等重金属离子具有良好的吸附作用,其吸附能力的顺序为Cu(II)>Zn(II)>Cr(VI).

The cotton fiber was oxidised to dialdehyde cellulose by using sodium periodate solution, and the property of absorbing heavy metal ions was investigated in this paper. The results indicate that the oxidation time, temperature and concentration of oxidate are the main factors for preparing dialdehyde cellulose, and the optimum technological precess of oxidation time, temperature and concentration are 24 h, 45 C and 10.7 g/L respectively. The dialdehyde cellulose has an excellent property for absorbing heavy metal ions such as Cu（II）, Cr（VI）, Zn（II） and so on, and the order is Cu（Ⅱ）〉Zn（Ⅱ）〉Cr（VI）.