聚焦和非聚焦书面反馈对英语非真实条件虚拟语气习得的影响

Focused and Unfocused Written Corrective Feedback on the Acquisition of English Subjunctive

本文探讨了聚焦和非聚焦反馈是否能提高非英语专业生非真实条件虚拟语气运用的准确性。实验9周,受试96人,根据前测成绩和反馈类型将学习者分为五组:直接聚焦,间接聚焦,直接非聚焦,间接非聚焦和控制组。结果显示:所有实验组的成绩在即时后测和延时后测中都大大超过了控制组,但在即时后测中,聚焦和非聚焦组无明显差异,直接聚焦优于间接聚焦组,直接非聚焦优于间接非聚焦组;在延时后测中,聚焦优于非聚焦组,间接聚焦优于直接聚焦组,间接非聚焦优于直接非聚焦组。此外,语言水平也影响到对虚拟语气习得的反馈效果。实验结果驳斥了Truscott纠错无效反而有害的观点,为反馈有效提供了正面证据。

This study was to investigate whether focused and un- focused written corrective feedback helps non-English majors to improve linguistic accuracy in using English subjunctive condi- tional. The experiment lasted 9 weeks, including 96 subjects. According to their scores of the pre-test and the types of feedback, the subjects were divided into the direct focused, indirect fo- cused, direct unfocused, and indirect unfocused groups. The re- suits indicated that all the treatment groups significantly outper- formed the control group. However, in the immediate post-test, there was no significant difference between the focused and un- focused groups, but the direct focused group performed better than the indirect focused one, and the direct unfocused group did better than the indirect unfocused one;in the delayed post-test, the focused group outperformed the unfocused, the indirect fo- cused group did better than the direct focused one, and the indi- rect unfocused group performed better than the direct unfocused one. Moreover, the subjects＇ linguistic proficiency level worked on the feedback effectiveness on improving linguistic accuracy in using English subjunctive conditional. The findings of the present study ran counter to Truscott＇ s （ 1996, 1999,2007 ） claim that corrective feedback is not effective, it is even harm- ful, thus presenting further positive evidence in support of the effectiveness of corrective feedback.