中日美命令/请求言语行为回应中关系管理与身份构建的对比研究

A Contrastive Study of Rapport Management and Identity Construction in the Responses to Orders/Requests in Chinese, Japanese and American Languages

本文对比分析了中、日、美三种语言中会话者在命令/请求言语行为回应中的面子管理与身份构建。基于Spencer-Oatey的关系管理论与Simon的身份构建论,本研究发现:1)地位相同语境中,汉语会话者比日语会话者更重"自我取向",维护公平权,确立积极素质面子;2)地位不同语境中,日语会话者比汉语会话者更具"利他趋同取向",凸显交际权,表征积极身份面子;3)以上两种语境中,美语会话者都最重"利己趋异取向",强示公平权,重新修正并施加身份面子。

This article makes a contrastive analysis of rapport management and identity construction in responses to the speech acts of orders and requests in Chinese, Japanese and American languages. Based on Spencer-Oatey＇s rapport management theo- ry and Simon＇s identity theory, the analysis finds that 1 ） With equal status, Chinese interlocutors may concern more about self- orientation, implicate equity fights and construct positive quality face than Japanese speakers; 2 ） With unequal-status, Japanese interlocutors are more likely to accommodate to others, project association fights and formulate positive identity face than Chi- nese interlocutors ;3 ） In both contexts above, American interloc- utors strongly accommodate to self-orientation ,emphasize equity fights and impose identity face upon others.