先秦儒家之“礼”与我国教育的教化功能

On Pre-Qin Confucian Rites and the Moralizing Function of Chinese Education

先秦儒家关于"礼"的理论与实践既是我国教育理论的重要来源,也是我国传统教育的重要内容。涵养人性,使人成"人"是"礼"文化发展的重要动因,也是先秦儒家教育的重要目的"。明礼、习礼和执礼"的过程就是教育(教化)的过程。教化功能不仅是我国传统教育的要义,也是现代教育的应有之义。对先秦儒家"以礼为教"达到"化民成俗"这一教化手段的重新认识不仅为如何批判继承我国传统教育理论提供新的研究视角,也为教育如何通过人性涵养和情感关照解决现代性转换难题提供可能的路径或借鉴。

The Confucian theory and practice on ＂rites＂ in pre-Qin period is not only the important source of Chinese educational theory, but also a serious part of our traditional education. Cultivating humanity and making one a human are the motivations of ritual culture＇s development as well as major purposes of pre-Qin Confucian teaching. The process of understanding, learning, and practising those rites is exactly that of education （moralization）. This moralizing function is both the core of our traditional education and the inherent meaning of it in this modem time. The reacquaintance on pre-Qin Confucian moralizing means of transforming traditional social customs through the way of teaching by rites provides not only a new viewpoint on how to criticize and inherit our traditional education, but also a possible explaining method on how to fulfill the training of healthy personality by cultivating one＇s human nature and caring about his emotion.