词汇意义的百科性与搭配潜势

Encyclopedic Nature of Word Meanings and Collocation Potential

传统的短语学研究聚焦于成语或类似于成语的固定搭配,将一般搭配排除在外,认为一般搭配都有语义理据,语义都是透明的。其实不完全如此,像banana seat/clip/belt这样的搭配意义并非透明。认知语言学认为词义是基于多语域的,具有百科性质,配价关系是一种对应关系。我们认为搭配是词汇语域之间的对应。本文以banana为例,基于语料库证据,分析了banana的搭配成分之间的语域对应关系。这种分析有利于外语学习者发现词汇之间的搭配潜势,提高他们的搭配能力。

Traditional phraseological studies focus on idioms or idiom-like entrenched collocations and exclude common collo- cations, because common collocations are considered to be all semantically motivated and their meanings are transparent. How-ever, this is not always true. The meanings of collocations like ＂banana seat/clip/belt＂ are not so transparent. Cognitive Linguistics holds that word meanings are based on multi-domains of a word, therefore encyclopedic in nature. Valence relation is a kind of correspondence. We posit that collocation is a correspondence between the domains of its components. Based on corpus evidences, this paper analyzes the domain correspondences of collocations with the node word ＂banana＂. This analysis is conducive for foreign language learners to find collocation potentials between words, and improve their collocation ability.