污水厂冬季脱氮效果不佳的原因及对策

Causes and Countermeasures of Low Nitrogen Removal Efficiency at Sewage Treatment Plant in Winter

针对上海南汇周浦水质净化有限公司升级改造工程调试期间冬季氨氮去除率大幅降低的问题,采用SBR对混入不同种类工业废水的生活污水进行了脱氮小试研究。结果表明,在夏季,混入10%的工业废水对COD和氨氮的去除率影响不大;但在冬季低温条件下,当生活污水中混入10%的中药废水时,对氨氮的去除率即会大幅降低,进一步的试验证实,中药废水中的阴离子表面活性剂是抑制硝化菌活性的主要物质。据此,通过优化污水处理厂在冬季的运行工况,同时加强纳管范围内中药企业废水预处理及排放的监管,使得2011年冬季出水氨氮平均浓度由2010年同期的9.35 mg/L降至3.52 mg/L,对氨氮的去除率提高了约18%。

To address the reduced ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency during the commissioning of the upgrading and retrofitting project at the Shanghai Nanhui Zhoupu Sewage Treatment Plant in win- ter, nitrogen removal experiments of domestic sewage containing different industrial wastewaters were con- ducted in SBR. The results showed that in summer, the 10% industrial wastewater had very little impact on removal effieieneies of COD and ammonia nitrogen, but in winter, nitrogen removal from sewage con- taining 10% traditional Chinese medicine was greatly reduced, indicating that anionic surfactant in tradi- tional Chinese medicine wastewater inhibited nitrifying bacteria activity. Therefore, the winter operation conditions of the Sewage Treatment Plant were optimized, and the pretreatment of wastewater in the enter- prise and its discharge supervision were strengthened. The average concentration of ammonia nitrogen was decreased from 9.35 mg/L in winter 2010 to 3.52 mg/L in winter 2011. The removal rate was increased by 18%.