我院小儿药品不良反应调查分析

Survey and Analysis of Pediatric Adverse Drug Reaction in Our Hospital

目的:总结小儿药品不良反应(ADR)发生的规律,提高医护人员对小儿ADR的认识。方法:调查我院368例患儿的一般情况及用药情况,分析患儿发生ADR的相关因素、ADR的治疗及转归,对ADR的因果关系进行评估及分类统计。结果:我院儿科患儿ADR发生率比成人高,抗菌药物引起的ADR发生率最高(占66.15%),静脉给药途径ADR发生率最高(占69.23%),ADR以消化系统反应最常见(占67.74%),冬季是儿科ADR的高发季节(占21.70%),单一用药发生ADR几率低于联合用药。结论:医院应加强儿童用药的监管。医师应严格按适应证用药,注意儿童用药剂量个体化,重视儿童ADR监测,保障儿童健康成长。

OBJECTIVE： To summarize the regularity of pediatric adverse drug reaction （ADR）, and to improve the awareness of medical staff about the pediatric ADR. METHODS： The general situation and the medication of 368 pediatric cases were investi- gated in our hospital. Related factors of children with ADR, treatment and prognosis of ADR were analyzed, and causal relations of ADR were evaluated and classified. RESULTS： The incidence of ADR in pediatric cases was higher than in adult case in our hospital. Antimicrobial drug induced the highest incidence rate of ADR （66.15%）, and intravenous route of administration caused the highest incidence of ADR （69.23%）. The most common ADR was digestive system reaction （67.74%）, and Winter was the season of highest incidence of pediatric ADR （21.70%）, and probability of ADR induced by single drug was lower than combined treatment. CONCLUSIONS： The hospital should strengthen the supervision of drugs for children. The doctor should strictly use drugs according to the indications, pay attention to pediatric medication dose individualization and pediatric ADR monitoring, and ensure the healthy growth of children.