水下隧道消防系统关键技术研究

Research on Key Technologies of Fire Extinguishing System for Underwater Tunnel

研究目的:随着我国社会经济的快速发展,水下隧道工程日益增多,但与之配套的消防系统技术规范及相关技术标准并未形成系统,现行铁路、公路消防规范中对水下隧道的各种消防系统的设置没有明确规定,设计中不便采用。本文从水下隧道火灾特点和原因分析开始,研究既有铁路、公路隧道消防设施现状及存在问题,结合已建成的水下铁路、公路隧道实际工程案例,提出水下公路、铁路隧道消防系统关键设计参数,对今后同类工程设计具有一定的指导意义。研究结论:针对水下铁路隧道消防的重要性,建议增加隧道室内消火栓系统和防灾救援点的高压细水雾消火栓;对于水下公路隧道消防统宜根据隧道长度小于500 m、500～1 000 m、1 000 m～3 000 m配置不同的消防系统。

Research purposes： With the rapid social and economic developments in China, there are more and more underwater tunnel projects, but its matching technical specifications and relative technical standards on the fire extinguishing system have not been formed a complete set of system. There is no clear specification on the fire extinguishing system for the underwater tunnel in the existing railway and highway codes, so these codes are unavailable for design of the fire extinguishing system for underwater tunnel. This paper analyzes the fire characteristics and the fire causes of the underwater tunnel, studies the current situation and problems in the fire extinguishing system for the existing railway and highway tunnels, and combined with the projects of the underwater railway and highway tunnels, gives out the key design parameters on the fire extinguishing system for the underwater highway and railway tunnels to provide the reference to the similar works. Research conclusions：On consideration of the importance of the fire extinguishing system for the underwater railway tunnel, it is recommended to add the indoor tunnel fire hydrant system and the high - pressure water mist fire hydrant in rescue area and the different fire extinguishing systems should be used for the different long highway tunnels of less than 500 m, from 500 m to 1 000 m and from 1 000 m to 3 000 m.