超声波辅助提取花椒籽油的工艺研究

Study on Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Prickly Ash Seed Oil

为了提高花椒的经济价值,充分利用花椒籽中的花椒籽油,以脱蜡花椒籽为原材料,利用超声波辅助提取花椒籽油。首先,通过预处理试验确定最佳提取溶剂,然后,通过单因素试验对影响花椒籽油得率的因素(液料比、提取时间、提取温度、超声波功率)进行探讨。最后,采用Box-Behnken中心组合试验设计原理,以油脂得率为考察指标,对液料比、超声功率、提取时间进行3因素3水平响应面分析,确定了在该试验中超声波辅助处理提取花椒籽油最佳工艺参数:液料比:21.5∶1(mL/g),提取时间:25 min,提取温度:60℃,超声功率350 W。在此条件下,花椒籽油得率为27.25%。

In order to fully use prickly ash seeds in prickly ash and improve the economic value of the prickly ash,the prickly ash seed oil was extracted by ultrasonic assisted. By pretreatment tests, the optimal extraction solvent was determined. In this paper, factors affecting the yield of prickly ash seed oil （ liquid to material ratio, extraction time, extraction temperature, ultrasonic power） were studied by single factor experiments. Finally, taking the yield of prickly ash seed oil as the index, by using the Box - Behnken central composite experimental design principle, the 3 factors and 3 levels of response surface analysis were conducted. The optimal parameters for process of ultrasonic assisted extraction of prickly ash seed oil were determined as follows：liquid to material ratio 21.5：1 （mL/g） , extraction time 25 min, extraction temperature 60 ℃, ultrasonic power 350 W. Under this condition, the yield of prickly ash seed oil was 27.25 %.