文冠果种子生物学特性研究及营养成分分析

Study on seed biological characteristics and analysis of seed nutritional components of Xanthoceras sorbifolia

对宁夏地区文冠果种子的生物学特性及营养成分进行了研究,结果表明:宁夏地区文冠果成熟种子呈棕褐色球形,种子平均直径为13.84 mm,千粒重为954.56 g;成熟种仁为乳白色,单粒种仁重为0.49 g、占种子重量的49.49%。种子生活力为90%,含水量为4.50%;沙藏90 d后文冠果种子发芽率为75%、发芽势67%,平均发芽速度为23 d,发芽指数1.16,活力指数2.17。每100g种仁含粗蛋白29.84 g、粗脂肪55.2 g、氨基酸23.70 g,8种人体必需氨基酸含量为8.15 g、占总氨基酸含量的34.38%。文冠果种仁中有益矿质元素含量依次为镁>磷>钾>钙>钠>锌>铁>铜>锰。

The seed biological characteristics and nutritional components of Xanthoceras sorbifolia in Ningxia area were analysised. The results showed that the seed of X. sorbifolia were spherical and brownish. The seeds diameter, 1000-seeds weight were 13.84 mm and 954.56 g. The rape seed kernels were milkiness; single seed kernel weight is 0.49 g. The seed viability and moisture proportion were 90% and 4.5%. The germination rate, germination potential, germination index, and vigor index were 75%, 67%, 1.16 and 2.17. The content of crude fat and protein of seed kernels were 29.84 g and 55.2 g per 100 g. The total amino acids were 23.70 g per 100 g, and the ratio of essential amino acid in the total amino acids（EAA/TAA） were 34.38%. The order of the trace elements contents of seed kernels were Mg〉 P〉K〉Ca〉Na〉Zn〉Fe〉Cu〉Mn. The analysis results showed that the seeds of X. sorbifolia are nutritious and have value to develop.