中华花龟产卵行为观察及其繁殖性能的研究

Observation and diversity on the egg-laying behavior and reproductive parameters of Ocadia sinensis

观察和记录了人工养殖条件下的中华花龟(Ocadia sinensis)的产卵行为,分析了其与繁殖性能的关系,同时就气温对中华花龟产卵量的影响进行了探讨。产卵行为观察表明,中华花龟产卵巢址一般都选择在高出人工搭建的池边产卵场平面21.148(±6.943)cm(n=60)的地方,整个产卵过程可分为6期:第Ⅰ期选巢、第Ⅱ期掘巢穴、第Ⅲ期产卵、第Ⅳ期盖巢穴、第V期护卵和第Ⅵ期回水体,回归关系分析表明,第Ⅲ期时长与窝卵数呈显著正相关。统计分析了6年的气温与产卵情况的关系,结果显示每年12～2月平均气温之和与2月份的产卵量正相关(P<0.05),12～2月的气温之和决定了中华花龟每年初始产卵的时间。回归关系表明,产卵时长与繁殖性能呈显著正相关,这种选择压力促使雌龟产生质量更好的后代。

The egg-laying behavior of Chinese striped-necked turtle was observed and recorded in the condition of artificial environment in this paper. And the effect of temperature on the fecundity was explored at the same time. The egg-laying behavior was detected that the turtle liked to lay eggs in a high mound 21.148 （±6.943） cm （n=60） above egg-laying site plane. According to the inherent egg-laying behavior of Chinese striped-necked turtle, the whole nesting process was divided into six stages： stage I meaning selecting nest, stage Ⅱ meaning excavating egg chamber, stage Ⅲ meaning laying egg, stage Ⅳ meaning covering nest, stage Ⅴ meaning protecting egg, and stage Ⅵ meaning re-entry water. Time taken by turtle for nesting in six stages was analyzed. The result showed that the relationship between stage Ⅲ and clutch size was significant. It indicated that the sum of average temperature of per month from December to February was positive correlative with the quantity of egg-laying in February （P〈0.05） by analyzing the data of temperature and egg-laying of turtle in statistics from 2006 to 2011. The time egg-laying begins of the turtle population was controlled in those years by the sum of average temperature of per month from December to February. The time of egg-laying was positively correlated with the body weight, carapace length, numbers of egg and quality of the egg in Ocadia sinensis. A vonclusion has been drawn that there was a positive relationship among them（P〈0.001）, indicating that this select-pressure could promote to obtain better offspring form O. sinensis.