新疆典型林分对降水再分配过程的影响

Impacts of typical forests on rainfall redistribution processes in Xinjiang

森林通过降水再分配过程影响着流域的水量平衡和物质循环。根据2010年雨季(4～6月)新疆典型林分的林冠截留、穿透雨和树干茎流定位观测数据,研究了森林对降水再分配过程的影响。结果表明:(1)林冠截留量和截留率与林外降雨量分别呈明显的二次曲线和双曲线衰减关系(R2分别为0.9506和0.746),林分林冠极限截留量约为12.63 mm;(2)树干茎流量和茎流率与林外降雨量分别呈线性关系和对数关系(R2分别为0.9891和0.6743),当林外降雨量大于1.75 mm时可产生树干茎流;(3)林内穿透雨量和穿透雨率与林外降雨量分别呈线性关系和对数关系(R2分别为0.9929和0.5363),林外降雨量大于0.97 mm时产生林内穿透雨。

Impacts of forests on rainfall redistribution processes in Xinjiang were investigated with observed data from the rainy season （April to June）. The results showed that： （1） canopy interception amount and interception rate had conic and hyperbolic relationships respectively with total rainfall （R2 were 0.9506 and 0.746）, the maximum of interception was 12.63 mm; （2） stemflow and stemflow rate had linear and logarithmic relationships respectively with total rainfall （R2 were 0.9891 and 0.6743）, stemflow occurred when the rainfall was greater than 1.75 mm; （3） the amount and rate of throughfall had also linear and logarithmic relationships respectively with total rainfall （R2 were 0.9929 and 0.5363）, throughfall occurred when the rainfall was greater than 0.97 mm.